On January 21, 1924, Vladimir illich Lenin, Russia’s revolution leader, died at 54.
Born in a middle-class family in 1870, Lenin graduated from law School at St. Petersburg University in 1891. He was arrested in 1895 for political activities against the Tsar and exiled to Siberia. He then departed Russia and went to Western Europe where he published his well-known book, ’What should be done’, in 1902. In this book, he stressed on the imperative presence of a vanguard element to organize and lead the proletariat class’ struggle.
Lenin completed the Marx theories to yield socialist revolution to victory in Russia. 
He went back to Russia in 1905 and participated in organizing the 1905 revolution. But after the massacre of laborers across the Tsar palace on Bloody Sunday, January 22, 1905, he departed Russia in order to reorganize the Bolsheviks.
In the spring of 1917 when internal crises and public insurgencies had been formed, Lenin returned to Russia to lead the Bolsheviks in the October 1917 revolution.
By organizing the October revolution and overthrowing the interim government of Kerensky that formed after the Tsar downfall, Lenin founded the than-Soviet Union.